Permaculture Design Principles: Stacking in Time and Space

 Time stacking:

In this field,

the Autumn and Winter pasture of rye for sheep,

follows the irrigated and compost demanding

Spring /Summer crop of maize.

Heaps of sheep carbon rich deep litter bedding on the left.

Space stacking: 

Rye as ground cover grows in

Winter despite the usual frosts,

 is trimmed by the sheep

(as intermitant disturbance).

Vines on the edges as wind break

and grape crop and olive trees in the centre

 increasing the "photosynthesis edge" productivity.

 This rye is seeded during the Autumn first rains,

by superficial tilling

in what remains from the maize litter and mulch.

Corn stalks were harvested for sheep winter fodder

or disposed on the edges as mulch for the vines-grapes.

 Winter tree cabbage and

 Olive trees (upper right) and rows of vines (lower right).

Terraces on gentle slope:

A mosaic of Autumn pastures

 (for grazing and forage)

with scattered

heaps of animal bedding and vines on the edges.